Sobrecarga del cuidador de pacientes con esquizofrenia en un centro de salud mental de la ciudad de Trujillo 2024
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2025-07-16
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Universidad San Pedro
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El presente estudio tuvo por propósito determinar la sobrecarga del cuidador de pacientes con esquizofrenia en un centro de salud mental de la ciudad de Trujillo, 2024. Según su metodología, es de tipo básica, enfoque cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo simple y, según su tiempo de ocurrencia, transversal; la muestra la conformaron 153 cuidadores, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de sobrecarga del cuidador de ZARIT, evaluando sus tres dimensiones relacionadas al cuidador familiar en los diferentes aspectos de su vida: salud física y mental, actividad social y disponibilidad económica. En el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para la construcción de tablas estadísticas univariantes y bivariantes. Los resultados evidenciaron que el 46.4% de los cuidadores experimenta una sobrecarga ligera; según la dimensión impacto del cuidado, 48.4% de los cuidadores presentaron sobrecarga ligera; en la dimensión calidad de la relación interpersonal, 58.2%, ausencia de sobrecarga, y en la dimensión expectativa de autoeficacia, 75.82%, sobrecarga ligera. Se concluye que existe una tendencia a que los cuidadores de pacientes con esquizofrenia presentan mayor "sobrecarga", lo cual, como profesionales de enfermería, nos impulsa a intervenir y prevenir el desarrollo de problemas de salud física, mental y social del cuidador.
The purpose of this study was to determine the caregiver overload of patients with schizophrenia in a mental health center in the city of Trujillo, 2024. According to its methodology, it is of basic type, quantitative approach, simple descriptive design and, according to its time of occurrence, cross-sectional; the sample consisted of 153 caregivers, to whom the ZARIT caregiver overload scale was applied, evaluating its three dimensions related to the family caregiver in the different aspects of his or her life: physical and mental health, social activity and economic availability. Descriptive statistics were used in the processing of the data for the construction of univariate and bivariate statistical tables. The results showed that 46.4% of the caregivers experienced slight overload; according to the caregiving impact dimension, 48.4% of the caregivers presented slight overload; in the interpersonal relationship quality dimension, 58.2%, absence of overload, and in the self-efficacy expectation dimension, 75.82%, slight overload. It is concluded that there is a tendency for caregivers of patients with schizophrenia to present greater ?overload?, which, as nursing professionals, encourages us to intervene and prevent the development of physical, mental and social health problems of the caregiver.
The purpose of this study was to determine the caregiver overload of patients with schizophrenia in a mental health center in the city of Trujillo, 2024. According to its methodology, it is of basic type, quantitative approach, simple descriptive design and, according to its time of occurrence, cross-sectional; the sample consisted of 153 caregivers, to whom the ZARIT caregiver overload scale was applied, evaluating its three dimensions related to the family caregiver in the different aspects of his or her life: physical and mental health, social activity and economic availability. Descriptive statistics were used in the processing of the data for the construction of univariate and bivariate statistical tables. The results showed that 46.4% of the caregivers experienced slight overload; according to the caregiving impact dimension, 48.4% of the caregivers presented slight overload; in the interpersonal relationship quality dimension, 58.2%, absence of overload, and in the self-efficacy expectation dimension, 75.82%, slight overload. It is concluded that there is a tendency for caregivers of patients with schizophrenia to present greater ?overload?, which, as nursing professionals, encourages us to intervene and prevent the development of physical, mental and social health problems of the caregiver.
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Sobrecarga, cuidador, esquizofrenia y salud mental